Cov txheej txheem biopsy siv dav hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no los nrhiav cov teeb meem xws li qog nqaij hlav, kab mob, lossis kab mob o. Ntawm cov txheej txheem feem ntau yog fine-needle biopsy (FNB) thiab core needle biopsy (CNB), ob qho tib si ua los ntawm kev siv koob biopsy.
Txawm hais tias lawv yuav zoo li zoo sib xws, ob txoj kev no sib txawv heev hauv kev tsim koob, hom qauv ntaub so ntswg, qhov tseeb, thiab kev siv hauv kev kho mob.
Tsab xov xwm no piav qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm ib qhokev kuaj mob me methiab ib rab koob kuaj mob tseem ceeb, thiab pab koj nkag siab tias qhov twg yog qhov tseeb dua thiab thaum twg yuav tsum siv txhua qhov.
Koob Biopsy Yog Dab Tsi?
A koob kuaj mobyog ib qho kev tshwj xeebkhoom siv kho mobsiv los rho cov qauv nqaij los yog cov cell ntawm lub cev rau kev kuaj mob.
Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem uas muaj:
- Cov qhov txhab ntawm lub mis
- Cov qog ntawm cov thyroid
- Kev ua tsis zoo ntawm daim siab
- Kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav prostate
- Kev ntsuam xyuas cov qog ntshav
Nyob ntawm seb qhov yuav tsum tau kuaj mob li cas, cov kws kho mob yuav xaiv tau ib qhokev kuaj mob me melos yog ib qhokoob tshuaj biopsy tseem ceeb.
Kev Siv Koob Me Me Biopsy (FNB) Yog Dab Tsi?
A kev kuaj mob me me(tseem hu ua fine-needle aspiration, FNA) siv ib rab koob nyias heev los rho tawmcov hlwb thiab cov kua dejlos ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev tsis ntseeg.
Cov Nta Tseem Ceeb:
- Siv ib qhokoob txhaj tshuaj nyias nyias (feem ntau yog 22–27 gauge)
- Cov khoom saucov qauv ntawm lub hlwb, tsis yog cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg
- Tsawg kawg nkaus kev cuam tshuam
- Cov txheej txheem ceev thiab yooj yim
- Feem ntau yog siv ultrasound los yog CT los qhia
Cov txiaj ntsig:
- Tsawg dua qhov mob thiab tsawg kawg nkaus qhov caws pliav
- Lub sijhawm rov zoo sai
- Txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev los ntshav lossis teeb meem
- Txoj kev kuaj mob uas pheej yig
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Muab tsuas yogcov ntaub ntawv theem ntawm tes
- Tej zaum yuav tsis muab qhov kev kuaj mob tseeb tas li
- Qhov tseeb qis dua hauv cov teeb meem nyuaj lossis tob
Kev Siv Koob Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas (CNB) Yog Dab Tsi?
A koob biopsy tseem ceebsiv ib lub qhov loj dua, khoobkoob tshuaj biopsy tseem ceebkom rho tawm ib qhocov qauv ntaub so ntswg khov kho (cov ntaub so ntswg tseem ceeb)thaum khaws cia nws cov architecture.
Cov Nta Tseem Ceeb:
- Siv ib rab koob tuab dua (feem ntau yog 14–18 gauge)
- Tshem tawm ib qholub tog raj kheej me me ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg
- Feem ntau ua nrog tshuaj loog hauv zos
- Feem ntau siv duab los qhia (ultrasound, CT, lossis MRI)
Cov txiaj ntsig:
- Muabcov ntaub ntawv txog cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg
- Kev kuaj mob raug dua
- Zoo dua rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav benign thiab malignant
- Txhim khu kev qha dua rau kev ntsuas qib mob qog noj ntshav thiab kev kuaj receptor
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Me ntsis ntxiv kev cuam tshuam
- Muaj feem yuav mob nqaij los yog los ntshav ntau dua
- Tej zaum yuav xav tau kev kho mob ntev dua li kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj me me
Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Koob Tshuaj Biopsy Zoo Thiab Koob Tshuaj Biopsy
Hauv qab no yog kev sib piv meej ntawm ob qho nocov txheej txheem siv koob biopsy:
| Feature | Kev Siv Koob Me Me Biopsy (FNB) | Kev Siv Koob Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Lub Cev (CNB) |
|---|---|---|
| Qhov loj ntawm koob | Nyias (22–27G) | Loj dua (14–18G) |
| Hom qauv | Tsuas yog cov hlwb xwb | Cov nqaij ntshiv tseem ceeb |
| Kev cuam tshuam | Tsawg kawg nkaus kev cuam tshuam | Nruab nrab invasive |
| Qib mob | Qis heev | Me ntsis mus rau nruab nrab |
| Kev raug | Nruab nrab | Siab |
| Cov ntsiab lus kuaj mob | Txwv | Kev kuaj mob histology kom ntxaws |
| Lub sijhawm rov zoo | Ceev heev | Ntev me ntsis |
| Kev siv dav dav | Cov thyroid, cov qog ntshav | Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub mis, siab, prostate |
Qhov Twg Yog Qhov Tseeb Dua?
Thaum sib pivKev kuaj mob siv koob me me piv rau kev kuaj mob siv koob tseem ceeb, qhov tseeb yog ib qho ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
✔ Kev Siv Koob Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Core Needle Biopsy Yog Qhov Tseeb Dua
A koob tshuaj biopsy tseem ceebmuab:
- Cov qauv ntaub so ntswg uas khaws cia
- Kev faib tawm qog zoo dua
- Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav txhim khu kev qha dua
- Muaj peev xwm ua qhov kev sim molecular thiab receptor
Vim yog cov txiaj ntsig no,Feem ntau, kev kuaj mob los ntawm koob txhaj tshuaj hauv plawv yog qhov tseeb dua li kev kuaj mob los ntawm koob txhaj tshuaj me me.
Thaum Twg Zoo Dua Rau Kev Siv Koob Tshuaj Biopsy
Txawm hais tias tsis tshua muaj tseeb,kev kuaj mob me metseem siv dav thaum:
- Qhov mob me me los yog sab nraud
- Yuav tsum tau kuaj mob ua ntej sai sai
- Tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem ua siab ntev rau cov txheej txheem kev cuam tshuam
- Kev kuaj cov kua dej uas muaj cov cysts
Kev Siv Koob Me Me Biopsy piv rau Core Needle Biopsy: Cov Yam Tseem Ceeb rau Kev Txiav Txim Siab Hauv Kev Kho Mob
Cov kws kho mob xaiv ntawm ob qho no raws li:
1. Hom Mob
- Cov qog nqaij hlav khov kho → Kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj los kuaj mob tseem ceeb yog qhov zoo dua
- Cov pob khaus los yog cov kua dej tawm → Siv koob me me los kuaj mob
2. Kev Yuav Tsum Tau Kuaj Mob
- Kev kuaj mob los yog kev kuaj thawj zaug → Kev siv koob me me los kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav
- Kev kuaj mob kom paub tseeb → Kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj los kuaj lub plawv
3. Tus Neeg Mob Mob
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev los ntshav lossis kev qaug zog → Kev kuaj mob siv koob me me
- Cov neeg mob noj qab nyob zoo uas xav tau kev kuaj mob tag nrho → Kev kuaj lub plawv
4. Qhov Chaw Uas Muaj Qhov Txawv Txawv
- Cov noob caj noob ces tob (siab, prostate) → Kev kuaj lub plawv zoo dua
- Cov qog ntshav sab saud → Siv koob me me los kuaj mob
Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Cov Koob Biopsy hauv Kev Kuaj Mob Niaj Hnub
Ob leeghom koob biopsyua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob. Kev nce qib hauvkev siv tshuab kho mobtau zoo dua:
- Kev ntsuas koob meej
- Cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia duab
- Kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob
- Qauv zoo
Niaj hnub no, cov khoom zookoob tshuaj biopsytau tsim los txo qhov kev raug mob thaum txhim kho qhov kev kuaj mob, ua rau ob qho txheej txheem muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.
Koob Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Kab Mob Hauv Tsev Neeg Mob Cancer
Lubkoob tshuaj biopsy tseem ceebNws tseem ceeb heev rau kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav vim nws tso cai rau:
- Kev ntsuas qib ntawm cov qog (qhov mob qog no hnyav npaum li cas)
- Kev kuaj mob biomarker (ER, PR, HER2 hauv mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis)
- Kev tshuaj xyuas noob caj noob ces thiab molecular
- Kev npaj kho mob kom raug
Qhov no yog vim li cas cov koob txhaj tshuaj feem ntau yogtus qauv kubhauv kev kuaj mob oncology ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Kev Siv Koob Me Me Biopsy Hauv Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Sai
Lubkev kuaj mob me memuaj nqis nyob rau hauv:
- Kev ntsuam xyuas cov qog thyroid
- Kev kuaj pom kab mob ntawm cov qog ntshav
- Cov kab mob ntawm cov qog salivary
- Kev kuaj mob sai rau cov neeg mob sab nraud
Nws feem ntau yog qhovcov cuab yeej kuaj mob thawj kauj ruamua ntej yuav xav txog cov txheej txheem kev cuam tshuam ntau dua.
Xaus lus
Lubqhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj me me thiab kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj tseem ceebfeem ntau yog nyob rau hauv hom qauv sau thiab qhov tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob:
- Kev kuaj mob siv koob me metsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab ua haujlwm sai, tab sis muab cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj ntawm tes tsawg.
- Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub koob txhaj tshuajsiv ib qho loj duakoob tshuaj biopsy tseem ceebkom tau txais cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, muab kev kuaj mob zoo dua.
Ib rab koob biopsy siv los sau cov qauv nqaij lossis cov qe ntshav rau kev kuaj mob.
Nws ua rau tsis xis nyob tsawg kawg nkaus thiab feem ntau nws zam tau zoo.
Yog, tab sis nws yuav tsis muab cov txiaj ntsig tseeb tas li.
FIt khaws cov qauv ntawm cov nqaij, ua rau muaj kev tshuaj xyuas kab mob kom ntxaws.
Kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj me me tsis tshua mob thiab feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, tab sis tsis muaj ntau yam ntxaws.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cov qog nqaij hlav khov kho thiab thaum xav tau kev kuaj mob kom ntxaws.
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